Preventing HIV is crucial for public health. PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) is a powerful tool in this effort. This guide explores using PrEP and other strategies to prevent HIV.
Preventing HIV is crucial for public health. PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) is a powerful tool in this effort. This guide explores using PrEP and other strategies to prevent HIV.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), which can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) if not treated. It's transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids of an infected person, very commonly during unprotected sex or through sharing needles.
PrEP stands for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis. It’s a preventive treatment for people who are HIV-negative but at high risk of contracting the virus. PrEP involves taking a daily medication (e.g., Truvada or Descovy) to reduce the risk of HIV infection.
When taken consistently, PrEP can reduce the risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99% and from injection drug use by at least 74%. It's essential to take it as prescribed to maximize its effectiveness.
PrEP is recommended for:- People in a sexual relationship with an HIV-positive partner- Gay or bisexual men who have anal sex without a condom- People who inject drugs and share needles- Anyone who has been prescribed post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and continues to engage in high-risk behavior
A healthcare provider will assess your risk of HIV, perform necessary tests (like an HIV test and kidney function tests), and discuss the benefits and potential side effects of PrEP.
PrEP requires a daily commitment to be effective. Skipping doses can reduce its efficacy.
You’ll need to see your healthcare provider every three months for HIV testing and prescription refills. They will also monitor your health and any potential side effects.
Condoms are highly effective in preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Use them correctly every time you have sex.
Regular HIV testing is essential. Knowing your status helps you make informed decisions about PrEP and other preventive measures.
Reducing the number of sexual partners can lower your risk of HIV. Consider having a conversation with partners about their HIV status and testing history.
Never share needles or syringes. If you inject drugs, use sterile needles and syringes each time. Many communities have needle exchange programs that provide sterile equipment.
For HIV-positive individuals, taking antiretroviral therapy (ART) consistently can reduce the viral load in their blood to undetectable levels, meaning they cannot transmit HIV to others (Undetectable = Untransmittable, U=U).
If you think you've been exposed to HIV, PEP involves taking antiretroviral medicines within 72 hours of possible exposure to prevent the virus from taking hold. It's very effective when taken as soon as possible.
While male condoms are well-known, female condoms are also effective. They offer more control for the receptive partner and can be inserted hours before sex.
Discussing sexual health openly with your partner(s) can reduce the risk of HIV transmission. It's crucial to talk about HIV status, testing, and preventive measures like PrEP or condom use.
Educating yourself and others about HIV transmission and prevention is powerful. Knowledge can dispel myths, reduce stigma, and promote safer behaviors.
Preventing HIV is possible with the right tools and commitment. PrEP is a groundbreaking option for high-risk individuals, but it’s very effective when combined with other preventive strategies like regular testing, condom use, and open communication. Empower yourself with knowledge and take proactive steps to protect your health and well-being.
By staying informed and taking preventive measures seriously, we can all contribute to reducing the spread of HIV and fostering a healthier, safer community.
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